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In Latin America, indigenous people were enslaved from the second voyage of Columbus in 1493 until the 1820s, when most Latin American countries won independence from Spain.
\nThe abolition of African slavery began in 1791 when Haitian slaves organized a mass uprising against their French masters. They declared Haiti an independent republic ruled by ex-slaves after fighting thirteen years against French, English and Spanish imperialists who tried to re-enslave them.\u00a0Indigenous people and descendants of en- slaved Africans still face vicious racism through- out the Americas.
\nIndigenous people and descendants of enslaved Africans still face vicious racism in Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America.
\nThe poorest and most oppressed people from Chile to Mexico are those living in isolated indigenous communities.\u00a0 They also have a long history of struggle, although it has often takes the form of nationalism instead of a united class struggle for communism.
\nIn 1932, mostly indigenous farmworkers in El Salvador, led by the Communist Party, rebelled against the military dictatorship. This uprising was crushed by the Salvadoran military, who massacred between 10,000 and 30,000 people, nearly wiping out the Pipil people.
\nThe slave traders took most of the Africans they had kidnapped to Brazil and the Spanish colonies. Rebellions shook the\u00a0 entire slave system–the most famous\u00a0 was Quilombo da Palmares in Brazi where escaped slaves built a multi-racial society where everything was held in common.
\nThe work of enslaved Africans was crucial to Brazil and Cuba\u2019s production of coffee and sugar cane for the international capitalist market. That\u2019s why the rulers of these countries were the last to abolish slavery: Cuba in 1886 and Brazil in 1888.
\nIn Mexico (which abolished slavery in 1820) and elsewhere, many have denied the existence of an African slave trade.\u00a0 Nevertheless, black workers in Latin America are more often poorer and have less schooling, shorter lives and higher infant mortality than whites.
\nThe old communist movement did not make a priority of fighting racism. Therefore the masses have a limited understanding of racism as something inherent to capitalism-imperialism.<\/p>\n
Communism, Not Socialism, Can End Racism<\/strong> Back to Racism Topic List<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" In Latin America, indigenous people were enslaved from the second voyage of Columbus in 1493 until the 1820s, when most Latin American countries won independence from Spain. The abolition of African slavery began in 1791 when Haitian slaves organized a mass uprising against their French masters. They declared Haiti an independent republic ruled by ex-slaves … Continue reading Latin America: Racism towards Indigenous & African People<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6495,"parent":11644,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11668","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11668","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11668"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11668\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11671,"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11668\/revisions\/11671"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11644"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icwpredflag.org\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nIn five hundred years of heroic struggle by indigenous and African people in Latin America, the most successful in consciously addressing the racial question has been Cuba.
\nThe 1959 revolution promised to end discrimination against black workers in housing, education, health care and jobs. It made significant progress in literacy, health care, and opening the professions.
\nHowever, Cuban socialism, like all socialism, is state capitalism.\u00a0 This guaranteed that those disadvantaged by the legacy of racism rapidly fell further behind.
\nMore recently, the transition from state capitalism to market capitalism has eroded these temporary gains.\u00a0 Racism against black workers in Cuba has worsened. They are much more likely to be stopped by the police. By 2005 they had double the unemployment rate of whites.
\nThe International Communist Workers\u2019 Party in Latin America is learning from the experiences of comrades in South Africa, India, the US and elsewhere that the fight against racism is crucial to the fight for communism.<\/p>\n